MONFORD MANAGEMENT LTD V AFINA NAVIGATION LTD (Re KIVELI & AFINA I)

[2026] EWCA Civ 251, Court of Appeal (Civil Division), Lord Justice Coulson, Lord Justice Nugee and Lord Justice Foxton, 11 March 2026

Collision – Liability – Reciprocal course – Head-on situation – Angle of approach defining a head-on situation – Meaning of "and/or" – International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972 (COLREGs), Rule 14

The two bulk carriers Kiveli, registered in Liberia, and Afina I, registered in Malta, collided off the south coast of Greece on 13 March 2021.