Cross-border data flow regulation in smart ports

As smart port development accelerates worldwide, cross-border data flows have become essential for enhancing operational efficiency, streamlining trade, and strengthening supply chain integration. However, escalating concerns over data ownership and security have led to increasingly stringent and divergent regulatory regimes across jurisdictions, resulting in a fragmented and often conflicting international legal landscape.

This article examines the legal challenges associated with cross-border data flows in the context of smart ports. The analysis suggests that strengthening technical standards for port data governance and deepening regional and international cooperation are crucial for achieving an effective balance between data security and trade facilitation.