Skilful theft from containers: navigating the burden of proof in marine cargo insurance claims

Containerisation, introduced in the mid-1900s, revolutionised the shipping sector by lowering cost, increasing efficiency, and enhancing supply chain optimisation. Nevertheless, containerisation has also brought in its wake a unique set of challenges. Notably, gaining access to the container, without breaking its seal, is deceptively simple. Given the heightened focus on port security in accordance with the ISPS (International Ship and Port Facility Security) regime and the inherent challenges of committing theft on board cellular container ships, the majority of incidents seem to occur during overland transportation.

Burden of proof under Institute Cargo Clauses (A)