Transnational Construction Arbitration
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Index
Index
abuse of process 12.1 – 12.39 ;
application of doctrine 12.23 – 12.30 ;
power of court, and 12.21 , 12.22
arbitral institutions 4.1 – 4.50 ;
amendments to case, and 4.22 ;
arbitrator’s fees 4.18 , 4.19 ;
arbitration in modern era 4.6 – 4.11 ;
authorisation of agreement, and 4.23 ;
capping of fees 4.19 ;
challenges to arbitrators 4.24 – 4.27 ;
charge on time basis 4.18 , 4.19 ;
City of London Chamber of Arbitration 4.4 ;
conduct of arbitration 4.12 – 4.15 ;
courts issuing restraining orders, and 4.40 ;
decisions on challenges to tribunals 4.27 ;
discretionary powers 4.15 ;
ethics and conduct of advocate 4.28 – 4.31 ;
examination of awards 4.33 ;
fraud or malpractice in course of arbitration, and 4.49 ;
function of arbitration rules 4.43 ;
fund holding 4.16 , 4.17 ;
ICC 4.1 , 4.2 ;
institutional rules 4.12 – 4.15 ;
interest on deposits 4.16 , 4.17 ;
intervention of foreign court, and 4.41 ;
LCIA 4.1 ;
list of issues to be determined 4.20 ;
mandatory use of FIDIC forms of contract, and 4.45 ;
need for 4.9 ;
origin 4.1 – 4.5 ;
origin of terms of reference 4.21 ;
potential for ethical problems 4.29 ;
powers 4.11 ;
regulation, case for 4.50 ;
rise of 4.1 – 4.50 ;
role of 4.1 – 4.50 ;
scrutiny of awards 4.32 – 4.38 ;
special procedures 4.5 ;
terms of reference 4.20 – 4.23 ;
UNCITRAL 4.6 – 4.8 , 4.10
arbitration: advantages 1.2 , 1.3 – 1.6 ;
choice of arbitrators 1.5 ;
enforceability of awards 1.6 ;
flexibility 1.4 ;
neutrality 1.3
cause of action estoppel 12.15
complex arbitrations administration under ICC Rules 6.8 – 6.10 ;
institutional rules on 6.5 , 6.6
consolidation of related claims 5.1 – 5.53 ;
arbitral institutions creating common rules 5.43 , 5.44 ;
consumer protection 5.11 ;
current arbitration mechanisms 5.4 – 5.6 ;
embedding new approach 5.49 – 5.52 ;
enforcement only against true party 5.10 ;
exclusion of Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 5.12 ;
multilateral contracts 5.31 – 5.42 ;
opt in multi party arbitration 5.25 ;
party consent and the voluntary principle 5.8 ;
procedural privity 5.9 ;
representative proceedings 5.45 – 5.48 ;
representative proceedings and opt out systems 5.26 , 5.27 ;
revisiting party consent 5.28 – 5.30 ;
section 8 (1), Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 5.13 – 5.20 ;
section 8 (2), Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 5.21 – 5.24 ;
voluntary principle 5.1 , 5.2 ;
way ahead 5.3
DAB: claims procedure 13.134 , 13.135 ;
Dispute Avoidance/Adjudication Board 13.128 – 13.133 ;
FIDIC December 2016 revision 13.125 – 13.135 ;
FIDIC drafting 13.112 , 13.113 ;
FIDIC time bar 13.134 , 13.135 ;
gateway to arbitration 13.111 – 13.124 ;
law governing 13.136 – 13.149 ;
mandatory procedures 13.111 ;
new Yellow Book 13.125 – 13.127 ;
Peterborough City Council v Enterprise Managed Services Ltd
13.114 – 13.119 ;
Swiss judgment 13.120 – 13.124 ;
three-stage test to determine governing law 13.140
delay analysis 7.28 – 7.37 ;
as planned v as built 7.53 – 7.55 ;
‘but for’ approach to adding delays 7.59 – 7.61 ;
collapsed as built 7.62 – 7.64 ;
concurrency of delay events 7.37 ;
determining completion 7.35 ;
effective articulation of results 7.70 – 7.72 ;
expert witness, and 7.28 – 7.31 ;
identifying baseline 7.33 , 7.34 ;
impacted as planned 7.56 ;
languages 7.30 ;
manipulation of schedules 7.36 ;
pragmatic technique 7.67 – 7.69 ;
quality of records and information 7.29 ;
Scott Schedule 7.48 ;
sequential addition of delays 7.57 , 7.58 ;
substantiating facts 7.28 ;
techniques 7.47 – 7.69 ;
time impact analysis 7.65 , 7.66 ;
working to a timescale – proportionality 7.31 , 7.32
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dispute board members 13.63 – 13.99 ;
impartiality 13.76 – 13.78 ;
independence 13.76 – 13.78 ;
obligations 13.75 ;
people skills 13.79 ;
qualifications 13.75 ;
qualifications and experience relevant to circumstances 13.80 – 13.90 ;
removal 13.96 – 13.98 ;
remuneration 13.91 – 13.95 ;
replacement 13.99 ;
selection and appointment procedure 13.63 – 13.74
dispute boards 13.1 – 13.153 ;
additional expense, as 13.150 ;
adjudication in England, and 13.9 – 13.21 ;
benefits 13.31 – 13.38 , 13.153 ;
CDBs 13.29 , 13.30 ;
civil law 13.7 , 13.8 ;
common law 13.4 – 13.6 ;
cost 13.151 ;
DABs 13.24 – 13.27 ;
demand for amicable dispute resolution 13.9 – 13.15 ;
disadvantages 13.39 – 13.45 ;
DRB or DAB 13.28 ;
DRBs 13.23 ;
emergency arbitration, and 15.24 – 15.32 ;
enforcement of decisions 13.109 , 13.110 ;
English adjudication enforcement 13.16 – 13.21 ;
FIDIC 13.52 ;
Gold Book 13.59 – 13.62 ;
informal advice 13.33 ;
jurisdiction 13.103 ;
legal basis for 13.3 ;
members 13.63 – 13.99 ;
see also dispute board members;
nature of 13.1 , 13.2 ;
preconditions for referral to 13.100 – 13.102 ;
Red Book 13.53 ;
referral of disputes to 13.100 – 13.108 ;
Silver Book 13.54 – 13.58 ;
time limits 13.104 – 13.108 ;
types 13.22 – 13.30 ;
use of 13.46 – 13.51 , 13.152 ;
Yellow Book 13.54 – 13.58
dispute resolution mechanisms 1.7
emergency arbitration 15.1 – 15.37 ;
applicability 15.1 – 15.37 ;
contractually agreed negotiations, and 15.33 – 15.36 ;
cooling-off periods, and 15.33 – 15.36 ;
development 15.4 – 15.8 ;
dispute boards 15.24 – 15.32 ;
effectiveness 15.1 – 15.37 ;
effects 15.13 – 15.20 ;
interplay with other pre-arbitral mechanisms 15.1 – 15.37 ;
legal nature 15.13 – 15.20 ;
mediation, and 15.33 – 15.36 ;
other prearbitral relief, and 15.21 – 15.36 ;
overview of procedures 15.9 – 15.12
enforcement of DAB decisions under FIDIC 1999 forms of contract 14.1 – 14.125 ;
argument against final award enforcing DABs decision 14.99 – 14.103 ;
arguments in favour of final award as issue of non payment resolved finally 14.104 – 14.107 ;
binding DAB decision interim relief, whether 14.90 , 14.91 ;
concept of inherent premise 14.44 – 14.51 ;
damages amounting to interest only 14.32 ;
damages for breach of contract 14.29 ;
damages include principal sum 14.33 , 14.34 ;
dispute capable of referral under sub clause 20.6 14.23 – 14.26 ;
effect of NOD 14.64 – 14.67 ;
effect of wording in Gold Book/Guidance Memorandum 14.115 – 14.118 ;
exercise of power by arbitral tribunal 14.59 – 14.63 ;
FIDIC 1999 wording 14.11 – 14.15 ;
FIDIC Gold Book 14.113 ;
FIDIC Guidance Memorandum 14.40 – 14.43 ;
final award for relief that is not final 14.92 – 14.98 ;
issues 14.16 – 14.22 ;
loss flowing from breach of contract 14.31 ;
one dispute or two dispute approach 14.71 – 14.80 ;
practical difficulty 14.52 ;
rationale of DAB 14.4 , 14.5 ;
referral of both primary and secondary disputes 14.68 – 14.80 ;
secondary dispute referred to DAB prior to referral to arbitration 14.35 – 14.39 ;
specific performance 14.53 – 14.58 ;
terminology of award 14.84 – 14.89 ;
types of dispute board 14.2 ;
what cause of action 14.27 – 14.63 ;
what sort of award 14.81 – 14.112 ;
whether failure to pay amounts to breach of contract 14.30
enforcement of foreign arbitral awards 10.1 – 10.70 ;
developments 10.1 – 10.70 ;
enforcement of lookalikes 10.40 – 10.67 ;
evolution of ADR 10.40 – 10.58 ;
failure to comply with dispute adjudication board’s decision 10.47 ;
final and binding DAB decisions enforceable under New York Convention 10.59 – 10.67 ;
mechanics of New York Convention 10.3 – 10.12 ;
obtaining dispute adjudication board’s decision 10.46 ;
prospectives 10.1 – 10.70 ;
public policy scrutiny 10.13 – 10.25 ;
recognition and enforcement of awards annulled at place of arbitration 10.26 – 10.39
expert witnesses 7.1 – 7.73 ;
common issues faced on complex capital projects 7.13 – 7.18 ;
delay, and 7.1 – 7.73 ;
delay analysis 7.28 – 7.37 ;
see also delay analysis;
delay analysis methods 7.44 – 7.46 ;
delay analysis techniques 7.47 – 7.69 ;
disruption, and 7.1 – 7.73 ;
example of probabilistic model output 7.40 ;
independence 7.4 – 7.7 ;
multiple stakeholders with conflicting interests 7.13 ;
nature of construction projects, and 7.8 – 7.12 ;
project management of evidence process 7.25 ;
quantum issues 7.1 – 7.73 ;
role in construction arbitration 7.1 – 7.73 ;
scope of work 7.19 – 7.24 ;
skills shortages, effect of 7.14 , 7.15 ;
sound governance, importance of 7.16 – 7.18 ;
uncertainty in forecasting outcomes 7.38 – 7.43
expropriation of contractual rights in investment treaty arbitration 9.1 – 9.58 ;
breaches of other treaty standards 9.26 – 9.28 ;
contractual non-performance 9.41 – 9.47 ;
failure to take action 9.48 – 9.51 ;
general principles 9.4 – 9.7 ;
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principles surrounding 9.8 – 9.28 ;
series of acts taken against investment 9.52 – 9.55 ;
sovereign capacity 9.13 – 9.21 ;
sovereign right to regulate/legislate 9.22 – 9.25 ;
termination of contracts 9.29 – 9.40
foreign arbitral awards: enforcement 10.1 – 10.70 ;
definition under ICSID convention 8.14 – 8.25 ;
definitions in investment treaties 8.11 – 8.13 ;
proceedings conducted according to ICSID Convention 8.4 – 8.10
investment 8.1 – 8.48 ;
construction contracts constituting 8.27 – 8.31 ;
construction projects versus stand-alone engineering contracts 8.37 – 8.45 ;
definition 8.4 – 8.25 ;
definitions of foreign investment in investment treaties 8.11 – 8.13 ;
definitions of foreign investment under ICSID Convention 8.14 – 8.25 ;
foreign investments in proceedings constructed according to ICSID Convention 8.4 – 8.10 ;
Salini text 8.18 , 8.19 ;
when construction contracts have not constituted 8.32 – 8.36
investment treaty arbitrations 8.1 – 8.48 ;
construction contracts as investments 8.1 – 8.48
issue estoppel 12.1 – 12.39
joinder of additional parties 5.1 – 5.53 ;
arbitral institutions creating common rules 5.43 , 5.44 ;
consumer protection 5.11 ;
current arbitration mechanisms 5.4 – 5.6 ;
embedding new approach 5.49 – 5.52 ;
enforcement only against true party 5.10 ;
exclusion of Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 5.12 ;
multilateral contracts 5.31 – 5.42 ;
opt in multi-party arbitration 5.25 ;
party consent and the voluntary principle 5.8 ;
procedural privity 5.9 ;
representative proceedings 5.45 – 5.48 ;
representative proceedings and opt out systems 5.26 , 5.27 ;
revisiting party consent 5.28 – 5.30 ;
section 8 (1), Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 5.13 – 5.20 ;
section 8 (2), Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 5.21 – 5.24 ;
voluntary principle 5.1 , 5.2 ;
way ahead 5.3
law governing arbitration agreement 2.1 – 2.47 ;
absence of choice of seat 2.46 ;
choice of transitional principles 2.27 ;
common intent of parties 2.32 ;
development of non discrimination principle by national laws 2.46 ;
doctrine of separability 2.6 ;
domestic legislatures 2.7 ;
drafting solution 2.1 , 2.2 ;
estoppel principle 2.41 – 2.44 , 2.46 ;
first candidate approach 2.10 – 2.17 ;
French law 2.30 – 2.32 ;
French transnational rules 2.30 – 2.34 ;
German Federal Supreme Court 2.35 ;
implied choice of parties 2.15 , 2.16 ;
law applicable to main contract 2.10 – 2.17 ;
law of the seat 2.18 – 2.25 ;
matrix of laws 2.5 ;
national law, rules of 2.47 ;
nature of agreement 2.6 ;
New York Convention 2.8 , 2.9 ;
no choice of law, where 2.22 ;
non discrimination principle 2.38 – 2.40 ;
overcoming challenges of transnational approach 2.36 – 2.45 ;
parties choosing seat of arbitration in agreement 2.46 ;
proper law of the contract 2.11 ;
second candidate approach 2.18 – 2.25 ;
separate inquiry, need for 2.5 – 2.9 ;
special rules 2.6 ;
third candidate approach 2.26 – 2.35 ;
transnational approach 2.26 – 2.35 ;
UNCITRAL Model Law 2.8 ;
validation principle 2.45 , 2.46
Middle East 11.1 – 11.88 ;
recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards see recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards in Middle East
multi-party arbitration 6.1 – 6.79 ;
administration of complex arbitrations under ICC Rules 6.8 – 6.10 ;
agreement to consolidate 6.57 – 6.61 ;
appointment of arbitrators 6.34 ;
automatic nature of joinder 6.11 – 6.15 ;
claims 6.35 – 6.48 ;
consolidation 6.53 – 6.75 ;
different arbitration agreements 6.65 – 6.68 ;
discretional nature of decision to consolidate 6.69 – 6.73 ;
formalities of consolidation 6.74 – 6.75 ;
institutional rules, under 6.1 – 6.79 ;
institutional rules on complex arbitrations 6.5 , 6.6 ;
joinder of additional parties 6.11 – 6.34 ;
multi-contract arbitrations 6.49 – 6.52 ;
procedure for claims 6.41 – 6.48 ;
procedure for joinder 6.16 – 6.30 ;
purpose of claims 6.35 – 6.40 ;
purpose of consolidation 6.53 – 6.56 ;
requirements for joinder 6.31 – 6.33 ;
same arbitration agreement 6.62 – 6.64 ;
scope of claims 6.35 – 6.40
multi-tier dispute resolution clauses 3.1 – 3.34 ;
‘an attempt at conciliation’ 3.28 , 3.29 ;
clarity and certainty of obligations 3.18 – 3.20 ;
condition precedent to arbitration 3.25 , 3.30 ;
dispute resolution process, and 3.8 ;
drafting 3.34 ;
enforceability 3.9 – 3.30 ;
enforcement in public interest 3.22 ;
FIDIC fourth edition 3.4 ;
good faith, and 3.24 , 3.26 ;
hurdles 3.5 ;
ICC standard clause 3.3 ;
main issues 3.7 ;
mediation process, and 3.11 – 3.15 ;
obligation to negotiate 3.31 ;
over elaborate drafting 3.6 ;
prior steps 3.17 ;
problems with 3.5 – 3.8 ;
stay of proceedings, and 3.33 ;
typical clauses 3.3 , 3.4
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recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards in Middle East 11.1 – 11.88 ;
ADGM 11.26 – 11.37 ;
AOIC 11.83 ;
applications for nullification 11.13 – 11.21 ;
curial assistance in enforcement 11.40 – 11.43 ;
DIFC 11.26 – 11.37 ;
domestic awards 11.8 – 11.43 ;
domestic ratification processes 11.8 – 11.12 ;
enforcement in and through free zones 11.66 – 11.70 ;
enforcement in or through free zones 11.25 – 11.39 ;
enforcement through Special Tribunals 11.22 – 11.24 ;
foreign awards 11.44 – 11.70 ;
GCC Convention 11.51 – 11.53 ;
ICAL 11.48 ;
ICSID awards 11.75 – 11.77 ;
investment arbitration awards 11.71 – 11.84 ;
multilateral regional enforcement investments 11.4 ;
nature of jurisdiction 11.2 , 11.3 ;
New York Convention 11.54 – 11.60 ;
non ICSID awards 11.78 – 11.81 ;
public policy considerations 11.13 – 11.21 ;
public policy exception 11.61 – 11.65 ;
QFC 11.38 , 11.39 ;
regional and international enforcement instruments 11.50 – 11.60 ;
Riyadh Convention 11.51 – 11.53 ;
test of reciprocity 11.46 , 11.47 ;
UAIACA 11.82 ;
UNCITRAL Model Law 11.45
remedies at seat 12.1 – 12.39 ;
enforcement proceedings, and 12.1 – 12.39 ;
estoppel arising from decisions of enforcement court 12.31 – 12.38 ;
New York Convention 12.2 – 12.10 ;
supervisory jurisdiction of courts 12.4 ;
traditional approach 12.4 – 12.20
res judicata
12.1 – 12.39 ;
effect of foreign judgement in England and Wales 12.14
transnational issues 1.14 – 1.20 ;
contractual provisions 1.17 ;
international instruments 1.16 ;
national law, and 1.18 – 1.20
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