Delay and Disruption in Construction Contracts
Page 1137
INDEX
INDEX
Acceleration
breach of contract 11-099
constructive see Constructive acceleration
costs 11-112
culpable delay, and 11-090
design programmes 2-102
effect 11-019
entitlement to extension of time, and 11-090
estimates of cost 11-075
failure to accelerate 11-109 – 11-213
breach of obligation, 11-195 , 11-196
causation 11-199 , 11-204
compensation 11-192
completion on time 11-192 , 11-193 ,
culpable delay 11-193 , 11-196 , 11-201 , 11-202 , 11-204
demurrage claims 11-208
foreseeable delay 11-200
foreseeable losses 11-191 – 11-192
identification of loss 11-197 , 11-204
instructed acceleration 11-189
instructions to recover 11-198 , 11-199 , 11-201 – 11-204
limitation on liability 11-206
liquidated damages 11-190 , 11-204 – 11-207
redress 11-194 , 11-196
termination of contract 11-209 – 11-211
instructed 11-068 – 11-071 , 11-077 , 11-089
lost productivity, and 17-046 – 17-052
meaning 11-015 , 11-016 – 11-018
methods 11-137 – 11-188
changing sequence of activities 11-151 – 11-157
increasing motivation 11-166
increasing resources 11-167 – 11-169
increasing working time 11-170 – 11-188
logic changes 11-158 – 11-163
omissions 11-146 – 11-150
using different method of working 11-164 , 11-165
power to instruct 11-088 – 11-090
schedule of 4-207
standard form provisions 11-021 – 11-092
Access 4-164 – 4-170
Act of God 4-055 , 4-056
Activity coding 7-232
Activity durations 7-126 – 7-142
Acts and/or omissions of developer 4-028 – 4-036
Acts of State 2-149
Acts of third parties 4-173 – 4-188
consents 4-177
developer, and 2-168
government acts 4-181 , 4-182
persons employed by developer 4-183 , 4-184
statutory undertaker 4-174
Acts or omissions of third parties
causation, and 14-061 – 14-067
Additional work
guidelines 12-016
Adjudication 22-106 – 22-113
final and binding 22-113
Adjudication in United Kingdom 23-001 – 23-063
complex decisions 23-003 , 23-007 – 23-022
costs 23-004 , 23-023 – 23-027
definition of construction contract 23-005 , 23-038 – 23-044
human rights aspects 23-003 , 23-007 – 23-022
interest 23-004 , 23-023 – 23-027
limitation periods 23-002
recovering costs 23-063
residential occupiers 23-045 – 23-047
sequential 23-006 , 23-48 – 23-062
single disputes 23-006 , 23-048 – 23-062
Adverse weather
lost productivity, and 17-059 – 17-064
Alliancing 3-060 – 3-063
Alternative dispute resolution 22-087 , 22-088
Ambiguities 12-110 – 12-135
American law
equitable adjustment 1-016
influence of 1-014
Antiquities 4-264 – 4-266
Page 1138
Apportionment 20-001 – 20-073
A/B estimates approach 20-058 – 20-061
balance of evidence, 20-005
burden of proof approach 20-042
but-for test, 20-005
case law 20-003 , 20-004
causation, 20-001 – 20-004
City Inn approach 20-068 – 20-070
common law 20-009
compensation, and 20-010 – 20-012
delay to completion 20-013 – 20-031
delta estimates approach 20-062 , 20-063
Devlin approach 20-043 – 20-045
dominant cause approach 20-046 – 20-053
jury verdict approach 20-054 , 20-055
logical processes 20-005
loss and/or expense 20-032 – 20-036
methods of apportionment of loss or expense 20-037 – 20-073
modified global claim approach 20-056 , 20-057
modified total cost approach 20-064 – 20-067
nature of 20-001
net effect approach 20-071 – 20-073
prolongation issues, and 20-006 , 20-007 , 20-011
tortious solution 20-040 – 20-041
Approval of programmes 8-001 – 8-091
Approximate bills
build-only contracts 3-021
design risks, and 2-108
Arbitration 22-114 – 22-118
Arrow diagram 8-036 – 8-042
Artificial obstructions 4-157
As-built programme 7-058
As-built schedule
forensic programme analysis 15-001 – 15-175
As-built impacted
analytical method 15-077 – 15-116
As-planned updated versus as-planned u[dated
analytical method 15-069 – 15-076
As-planned versus as-built 14-232 – 14-241
analytical method 15-061 – 15-068
Assessor
discretion of court, and 22-041
Bar chart 8-007 – 8-017 , 14-223 – 14-231
advantages 8-014
disadvantages 8-015
extension of time, and 6-064 – 6-067
meaning 8-007
monitoring 9-123 – 9-127
Baseline programme 7-028 – 7-037
Best endeavours
meaning 11-037
Biddability risk 2-113 – 2-124
bills of quantities 2-115
claims conditions 2-119
greenfield sites 2-116
itemised bills of quantities 2-122
lowest tendering contractor 2-118
manifest error 2-121
nature of 2-113
precision in communication 2-120
predetermined cost and time effect of variations 2-123 , 2-124
preparation of tender documentation 2-117
price, and 2-114
Bill of quantities 12-075 – 12-109
additional work by way of increased quantities 12-105
biddability risk, and 2-115
compensation for prolongation 12-080
drawings 12-100
importance of 12-077
incorporation as contract document 12-109
lump sum, and 12-078
precedence of 12-089 , 12-090
purpose 12-076
re-measurement of quantities 12-081
rules of measurement 12-093
BIM 13-067 – 13-119
acronym 13-071
case law 13-115 , 13-116
case studies 13-094 – 13-100
collaboration 13-084 , 13-085
communication of information 13-113 , 13-114
conventional practice, and 13-074 – 13-077
Cookham Wood 13-096 – 13-099
definition 13-072 , 13-073
future projects 13-100
investment 13-090 , 13-091
key documents 13-093
legal, contractual and insurance issues 13-086
levels of maturity 13-078 , 13-079
overcoming barriers 13-092
perceived barriers against adoption 13-083
perceived benefits 13-081 , 13-082
retrieval of information 13-111 , 13-112
significance 13-107 – 13-110
standard forms of contract 13-101 – 13-106
UK and management of information 13-087 – 13-089
what is arguably not 13-080
Black Monday 2-145
Bricklaying
calculating duration 7-148
Build-only contracts 3-016 – 3-029
approximate bills 3-021
delay, causes of 3-022
information, supply of 3-024 – 3-027
linear approach 3-019
project manager 3-017
re-measurement 3-028
unforced errors or omissions 3-023
variations 3-018
Page 1139
Buildability risk 2-109 – 2-112
drawing board 2-110
meaning 2-109
sequencing problems 2-111
Building control 2-189 – 2-192
economic loss 2-191
umbrella compensatory provisions 2-190
Building Information Modelling (BIM) 13-067 – 13-119
see also BIM
Business efficacy
implied terms, and 2-078 , 2-083
Calculating durations 7-143 – 7-163
bricklaying 7-148
Calculating time-related compensation 10-089
Cascade diagram 8-048 , 8-049
Cash flow monitoring 9-105 – 9-110
Catastrophes
delay 4-261
examples 4-262
force majeure 4-260
specified perils 4-263
Causation 14-001 – 14-264
acts or omissions of third parties 14-061 – 14-067
as-planned versus as-built 14-232 – 14-241
bar charts 14-223 – 14-231
collapsing technique 14-242 – 14-248
completion delayed 14-150 – 14-154
completion likely to be delayed 14-142 – 14-144
completion likely to be or has been delayed 14-145 – 14-149
contemporaneous analysis 14-015 – 14-018 , 14-020
delay to completion of works 14-107 – 14-129
delay to progress of works 14-070 – 14-081
developer’s acts or omissions 14-045 – 14-060
expenditure of prime cost and provisional sums 14-033 – 14-044
factual materials available 14-165 – 14-172
failure to perform 14-099 – 14-106
inference 14-001 -14-008, 14-191 – 14-252
see also Inference of causation
instructed changes 14-028 – 14-032
instructed variations 14-082 – 14-087
matters to be identified 14-009
occurrences 14-068 , 14-069
other occurrence 14-025 – 14-069
primary 14-025 – 14-069
proof of 14-130 – 14-190
proportionality 14-173 – 14-190
retrospective delay analysis 14-019 , 14-020
secondary 14-070 – 14-081
smoke and mirrors 14-252 – 14-264
subject-matter of proof 14-160 – 14-164
suspension of works 14-088 – 14-098
terms of contract 14-134 – 14-159
tertiary 14-107 – 14-129
three-part chain 14-021 – 14-129
visualisations 14-249 – 14-252
voluntary or implied variations 14-028 – 14-032
whatever is fair and reasonable 14-155 – 14-159
Cause and effect matrix 14-199 – 14-207
CDBs 24-036 – 24-041
Change 12-001 – 12-197
see also Variation
bill of quantities, and 12-075 – 12-109
constructive see Constructive change
definition 12-031 , 12-062 , 12-066
instruction to make 12-006
no express authority, where 12-010 – 12-014
standard form provisions 12-030 – 12-157
Change control 13-026 – 13-041
clear factual evidence, need for 13-033
Change management
definitions 10-049
effects of change See also Managing effect of change
acceleration 10-074 , 10-085 – 10-088
ad hoc changes 10-078
change order procedure 10-077
changed resources 10-072
design changes 10-076
disruption 10-074
extensions of time 10-072
need for instructions 10-075
sequence of works 10-072
schedule, and 10-074
significance of change 10-073
tenders, and 10-071
variation 10-072 , 10-077
electronic submittals 10-056 , 10-057
key dates 10-059 , 10-060
management information structure 10-048
programme 10-050 – 10-055
progress records 10-058
relationships 10-061 – 10-070
roles 10-061 – 10-070
supplements 10-045 – 10-070
conditions 10-047
definitions 10-049
publication 10-045
standard forms of contract 10-045
suitability 10-046
Change order procedure 4-109 – 4-111
CIOB
working group 1-011
CIOB Complex Projects Contract
costs and time management 4-325 – 4-366
risk management 4-357 – 4-364
Page 1140
CIOB Contracts for Use with Complex Projects (CPC 2013) 3-007 – 3-015
see also CPC 2013
Circumstances beyond control 4-042 – 4-051
Civil commotion 4-241 – 4-253
Claim preparation 22-020 – 22-023
Claims consultants 22-027 , 22-028
Classification of change 4-011 – 4-027
assumption of risk of change 4-024
cause beyond control 4-015
“causes” of delay 4-021
drafting technique 4-021
extension of time 4-018 – 4-020
notice of event 4-022
phraseology 4-012
risks, definition 4-026
standard forms 4-013
sub-groups 4-014
sweeping-up clause 4-016 , 4-017
Collapsed as-built
analytical method 15-117 – 15-148
Commercial risk allocation
implied terms, and 2-081
Compensation see Damages
Compensation conditional upon notice 5-151 – 5-165
Complex projects
characteristics 3-004
Complex projects
risk 2-004
Computer generated evidence 13-185 – 13-191
Computer software 9-007 , 9-010
Computerised database 13-045 , 13-046
Computerised simulation
risk, and 2-061 – 2-063
Computers
critical path method, and 7-082
Conciliation 22-096 – 22-098
see also Dispute Resolution, Mediation
bespoke contracts 22-097
conciliators 22-096
dispute review boards 22-098
Concurrency 18-001 – 18-140
application of theory 18-007
concurrent delays to completion 18-066 – 18-080
delay to progress, and 18-039 – 18-065
distinguishing concurrent and pacing delays to progress 18-024
distinguishing concurrent and parallel delays 18-018 – 18-022
distinguishing concurrent and sequential delays 18-023
distinguishing delay and financial loss 18-035 – 18-038
distinguishing delay to progress from delay to completion 18-015 , 18-016
distinguishing primary, secondary and tertiary causation 18-017
distinguishing timing of primary cases 18-025 – 18-028
entitlement 18-014
extensions of time, and 18-066 – 18-102
inconsistency in treatment of issues 18-012
legal concepts of relief and compensation 18-029 – 18-034
meaning 18-001 , 18-002
pacing, and 18-122 – 18-140
parallel causes of delay to completion 18-097 – 18-102
parallel delays to progress 18-059 – 18-065
parties 18-013
prolongation, and 18-103 – 18-121
see also Prolongation
sequential causes of delay to completion 18-081 – 18-096
sequential delays to progress 18-044 – 18-058
Consequential changes 12-196 , 12-197
Constructing Excellence 1-006
Construction industry
decrease in output 1-001
Construction management contracts 3-036 – 3-046
advantages 3-040
construction manager 3-038
difficulties 3-041
flexibility 3-045
Holyrood Enquiry
3-046
liquidated damages 3-039
schedule 3-042 , 3-043
status of contractors 3-037
Construction records 13-001 – 13-275
Constructive acceleration 11-093 – 11-136
compensation for 11-117 –121
conduct requiring 11-110 – 11-121
demands to accelerate, 11-110
extensions of time, 11-110 , 11-116
implied instructions, 11-110 , 11-112
required elements, 11-111 , 11-112 , 11-118
initiation of grounds for 11-104 – 11-109
legal doctrine, as 11-095 – 11-103
mechanics 11-122 – 11-136
Construction risk 2-125 – 2-141
additional work 2-126 , 2-127
groundworks 2-128 – 2-135
subcontractors 2-136 – 2-138
weather 2-140 , 2-141
Constructive change 12-158 – 12-197
alternative materials 12-188
avoiding disputes 12-180
consequential changes 12-196 , 12-197
constructive, meaning 12-162
essence of claim 12-161
estoppel, and 12-171
implied changes, and 12-164 , 12-168
quality 12-181 – 12-189
quality or quantity 12-178
Page 1141
quantity 12-190 – 12-195
reasonable satisfaction 12-182
treated as variation 12-176
variations in writing 12-167
waiver, and 12-171
when arising 12-175
Constructive notice 5-030 – 5-032
Consumer Insurance (Disclosure and Representation) Act 2012 2-163 , 2-164
Contemporaneous records
meaning 13-030
Contingency
project planning and programming 2-057 , 2-058
Contingency planning 16-006
Contra proferentem rule
notice as condition precedent, and 5-130
Contract administrator 1-023
Contract programme 9-017 , 9-018
Cookham Wood
BIM, and 13-096 – 13-099
Cost and time management
CIOB Complex Projects Contract 4-325 – 4-366
JCT Major Projects Contract 4-325 – 4-366
Cost management 2-014
Cost monitoring 9-111 – 9-115
Costs 22-009 – 22-023
claims presentation, and 22-011
computer-managed documents 22-017
disclosure, and 22-015
dispute risk and 2-086
open-book document management system 22-018
Count the squares chart monitoring 9-128 – 9-135
Counterclaim 22-140 – 22-144
defence to 22-145 , 22-146
reply 22-145 , 22-146
CPC 2013 3-007 – 3-015
collaboration and transparency 3-009 , 3-010
contract documents 3-008
dispute resolution 3-013
project time manager 3-011
suitability for use 3-007
CPM programming 7-008 – 7-014
Critical path 1-028 , 1-029
extension of time, and 6-051 – 6-054
Critical Path Method 1-029 , 7-068 – 7-084
computers, and 7-082
definition 7-069
development 7-076
form of schedule 7-075
more than one 7-074
nature of 7-068
practical effects 7-081
purposes 7-070 – 7-072
resource requirements 7-079
retrospective delay analysis 7-077
schedule logic 7-078
DABs 24-036 – 24-041
Damage caused by carrying out works 4-255 – 4-259
insurance, and 4-257 , 4-258
Damages 21-001 – 21-291
burden of proof 21-009
compensation, entitlement to 21-013 – 21-039
contractor has actually suffered loss or expense 21-172 , 21-173
direct labour costs 21-042 – 21-052
direct loss or expense 21-002 , 21-010 – 21-012
Eichleay formula 21-185 – 21-187
Emden formula 21-189
exclusion clauses 21-264 – 21-291
financing costs 21-119 – 21-137
formula adjustments 21-159 – 21-191
four-phrase analysis 21-008
goods and materials 21-074 – 21-078
Hadley v Baxendale , rule in 21-003 – 21-007
head office costs 21-111 – 21-116
Hudson formula 21-188
insurances 21-117 , 21-118
Lilley Ames Co v United States
21-190
liquidated see Liquidated damages
loss of future profits 21-140 – 21-145
loss of productivity 21-089 – 21-097
loss or expense not recovered elsewhere 21-174
loss or expense remained unabsorbed 21-175
management costs 21-068 – 21-073
non-productive overtime 21-053 – 21-057
plant and equipment 21-079 – 21-088
potential heads of claim 21-040 – 21-158
preliminaries 21-100 – 21-110
profit on costs 21-138 , 21-139
propositions 21-004
quantifying predictive loss 21-247 – 21-291
quantum meruit
21-192 – 21-223
see also Quantum meruit
resort to formula approach 21-176 – 21-184
staff costs 21-058 – 21-067
temporary works 21-098 , 21-099
time-related costs 21-027
unabsorbed overheads 21-146 – 21-158
work-related costs 21-027
Database records 13-172 – 13-184
Databases 13-217 – 13-235
drawings 13-225
sorting evidence on 13-217 – 13-235
text 13-224
DBs 24-001 – 24-089
ad hoc 24-026 – 24-035
advantages 24-017
context 24-005 – 24-016
costs 24-075 – 24-081
enforcement of decisions 24-067 – 24-072
Page 1142
independence of members 24-048 – 24-052
international developments 24-082 – 24-089
national developments 24-082 – 24-089
operations 24-053 – 24-066
refusal prior to arbitration 24-073 – 24-074
rules 24-042 – 24-047
standing 24-026 – 24-035
use of 24-002 – 24-004
Decennial liability
mandatory laws 25-023 – 25-026
Defence, statement of 22-137 – 22-139
Defined provisional sums 12-101 , 12-102
Delay
adverse effect 1-033
advice as to cause of delay 5-039
analysis, nature of 7-001
apportionment 20-013 – 20-031
build-only contracts 3-022
catastrophes 4-261
causation
completion delayed 14-107 – 14-129 , 14-150 – 14-154
completion likely to be delayed 14-142 – 14-144
completion likely to be or has been delayed 14-145 – 14-149
progress of works 14-070 – 14-081
“causes” of delay 4-021
comparative term, as 1-032
completion 1-002
concurrent
completion, to 18-066 – 18-080
distinguishing concurrent and pacing delays to progress 18-024
distinguishing concurrent and parallel delays 18-018 – 18-022
distinguishing concurrent and sequential delays 18-023
distinguishing delay and financial loss 18-035 – 18-038
distinguishing delay to progress from delay to completion 18-015 , 18-016
parallel causes of delay to completion 18-097 – 18-102
parallel delays to progress 18-059 – 18-065
progress, and 18-039 – 18-065
SCL Protocol
10-040
sequential causes of delay to completion 18-081 – 18-096
sequential delays to progress 18-044 – 18-058
culpable delay 11-090 , 11-193 , 11-196 , 11-201 , 11-202 , 11-204
extensions of time
critical delay to the work 6-030
delay actually occurred 6-036 – 6-038
delay to progress 6-002 – 6-013
developer’s time risk event occurring in period of culpable delay to completion date 6-100 – 6-105
likely and actual delay to completion date 6-031 – 6-043
relevant delay 6-042
facts of delay 13-193 – 13-235
forecasting delay 10-005 -10-013
foreseeable delay 11-200
managing effects of delay 10-016
meanings 1-030 , 1-031
nominated subcontractors and suppliers’ delay 4-196 , 4-197
receiving instructions, in 4-204 – 4-231
acceleration of schedule, and 4-207
C behind programme 4-208
contract completion date, and 4-209
having regard to completion date 4-206
instructions to suit contractor’s advanced schedule 4-231
specific request for information 4-210 – 4-225
retrospective analysis 7-077 , 14-019 , 14-020
standard clauses of delay 4-028 – 4-266
standard form provisions, meaning of delay 2-027
Design
meaning 12-070
Design and build contracts 3-030 – 3-035
cost control 3-032
developer’s requirements 3-031
risk, and 3-034 , 3-035
Design risk 2-095 – 2-108
accelerated design programmes 2-102
approximate bills 2-108
communication between developer and designer 2-101
errors 2-095
fitness for purpose 2-096
freezing design at scheme design stage 2-104
key concepts 2-096
M&E engineering consultants 2-103
needs of client 2-099
post-contract design 2-105 – 2-107
reappraisal of design 2-106
reasonable skill and care 2-096
relevant factors 2-098
remedial work 2-100
statistics 2-097
Detailed plan 7-024
Developer’s acts or omissions
causation, and 14-045 – 14-060
quantum meruit , and 21-211 – 21-223
Development control 2-193
Development programme 7-038 – 7-042
Diligently
meaning 11-011 – 11-013
Dilution of supervision
lost productivity, and 17-075 – 17-077
Page 1143
Direct labour costs
damages, and 21-042 – 21-052
Disclosure 13-236 – 13-275
costs, and 22-015
electronic documents 13-254 – 13-263
experts’ documents 13-264 , 13-265
failure to disclose 13-243 – 13-251
privileged communications 13-206 – 13-275
purpose 13-242
scope 13-252
standard 13-238
Discovery 13-226 – 13-275
Discrepancies 12-110 – 12-135
Dispute boards 24-001 – 24-089
see also DBs
Dispute resolution 22-085 – 22-098
see also Conciliation, Mediation
adjudication 22-106 – 22-112
arbitration 22-114 – 22-122
causes of dispute 22-085
choice of method 22-086
differences 22-088
expert determination 22-100 – 22-105
final and binding 22-113
informal methods 22-086
litigation, and 22-121 , 12-122
non-binding 22-089 – 22-090
procedures 22-090
Dispute risk 2-086 – 2-094
costs, and 2-086
inadequate legal knowledge, and 2-091
Multiplex 2-087
natural justice, and 2-094
reduction of 2-088
statistics 2-089
unread conditions of contract 2-092
Disruption
meaning 1-034 , 17-002 , 17-003
Divergences 12-110 – 12-135
Document management systems 13-226
Documentary evidence 13-168 – 13-171
DRBs 24-036 – 24-041
Duress 22-065 – 22-074
Early completion
programme preparation, and 7-091 – 7-097
Early warnings 5-003 – 5-007
Earned value monitoring 9-116 – 9-118
Economic duress 22-065 – 22-074
elements 22-068 – 22-074
EDI agreement 13-055 – 13-057
Editing standard forms 2-074 – 2-077
Egress 4-164 – 4-170
Eichleay formula 21-185 – 21-187
Electronic data exchange 13-051 – 13-066
technologies 13-052
Electronic documents
disclosure 13-254 – 13-263
Emden formula 21-189
Equitable adjustment 1-016
Errors
lost productivity, and 17-053 – 17-055
Errors in contract documents 4-081 – 4-102
Evidence 13-160 – 13-192
computer generated 13-185 – 13-191
database records 13-172 – 13-184
documentary 13-168 – 13-171
facts of delay 13-193 – 13-235
manual sorting of 13-204 – 13-207
multi-volume collections 13-208 , 13-209
oral 13-161 – 13-167
presentation 13-160 – 13-192
retrospective assembly 13-196 – 13-203
single-volume tagged collections 13-210 – 13-216
sorting on databases 13-217 – 13-235
strength of records 13-192
Excepted risks 2-152 – 2-162
Exceptionally inclement weather 4-123 , 4-127 – 4-129
Exclusion clauses
damages, and 21-264 – 21-291
Expert determination 22-100 – 22-105
Expert opinion
lost productivity, and 17-160 – 17-162
Experts 22-029 – 22-056
contents of report 22-046
contracting technical advice 22-040
duties 22-045 , 22-047
independence 22-043
joint statement 22-051
meetings without prejudice 22-052
need of tribunal, and 22-037
reports 22-031 – 22-036
research, and 22-050
task of 22-042
two reports 22-038
Experts’ documents
disclosure 13-264 , 13-265
Extended working hours
lost productivity, and 17-066 – 17-069
Extensions of time 6-001 – 6-105
bar chart 6-064 – 6-067
calculating entitlement 10-036
change management, and 10-072
coldly logical approach 6-057
concurrency, and see Concurrency
conditional upon notice 5-110 – 5-150
conduct requiring 11-110 , 11-116
consequences 6-028 , 6-029
constructive change 6-059
contract administrator, role of 6-014 – 6-030
critical delay to the work 6-030
delay actually occurred 6-036 – 6-038
delay to progress 6-002 – 6-013
developer’s time risk event occurring in period of culpable delay to completion date 6-100 – 6-105
Page 1144
fair and reasonable 6-020 – 6-030 , 6-056
forming opinion 6-044 – 6-068
critical path, and 6-051 – 6-054
factual matrix 6-049
reasoned manner 6-046
holiday period 6-003 – 6-005
inoperable power 6-134 – 6-173
assessing reasonable time to complete 6-143 – 6-158
no completion date under contract 6-165 – 6-168
no contract, where 6-159 – 6-164
stipulated contract period 6-169 – 6-173
likely and actual delay to completion date 6-031 – 6-043
logical analysis 6-063
measurement of interim extensions of time 10-018
negotiating award 6-069 – 6-074
no power, where 6-130 – 6-133
original planned schedule, and 6-018
purpose 6-001
relevant delay 6-042
restricted working calendars 6-006
reviewing award 6-088 – 6-099
rules of measurement, and 6-060
standard forms 4-005 – 4-008
time risk event 6-032 , 6-033
timing of award 6-075 – 6-087
Facts of delay 13-193 – 13-235
Failure to pay 4-037 – 4-041
Failure to perform
causation, and 14-099 – 14-106
Familiarisation
planning, and 7-021
Financial risk 2-142 – 2-147
committing resources 2-143
inflation 2-147
investment decision 2-142
money-related 2-144
tendering below cost 2-145 , 2-146
Financing costs
damages, and 21-119 – 21-137
Fire
insurable risk 2-155 , 2-156
Fitness for purpose
risk, and 2-049 , 2-050
Float
calculation 16-009 – 16-011
data 16-009
definition 16-058 – 16-060
elusive concept 16-007
free 16-012 – 16-017
independent 16-018 , 16-019
interfering 16-020 , 16-021
meaning 16-001 – 16-005
negative 16-043
standard form provisions 16-058 – 16-072
time contingencies 16-044 – 16-057
total 16-022 – 16-042
see also Total float
who owns 16-073 – 16-150
Flow chart 8-018 , 8-019
Force majeure 4-053 – 4-080
change in economic/market circumstances 4-057 – 4-059
civil commotion 4-241 – 4-253
definition 4-062 – 4-080
interpretation 4-054
strikes 4-241 – 4-253
weather, and 4-142
Forecasting delay 10-005 -10-013
Forensic
meaning 15-001
Forensic programme analysis 15-001 – 15-175
analytical methods 15-061 – 15-163
as-built schedule 15-047
as-planned impacted 15-077 – 15-116
as-planned updated versus as-planned updated 15-069 – 15-076
as-planned versus as-built 15-061 – 15-068
collapsed as-built 15-117 – 15-148
correcting planned programme 15-019 – 15-036
dynamic methods 15-006
planned programme 15-017
preparing materials 15-017 – 15-060
static methods 15-005
time impact analysis 15-149 – 15-163
updating planned programme with progress 15-037 – 15-046
use of 15-004
watersheds 15-164 – 15-175
windows 15-164 – 15-175
Formula adjustments
damages, and 21-159 – 21-191
Fossils 4-264 – 4-266
Free float 16-012 – 16-017
potential ambiguity with contingency 16-075 – 16-087
Fraud 22-075 – 22-084
Gantt chart 8-008 , 8-009
Global claim 19-001 – 19-072
court applied tests 19-072
defence to 19-062 – 19-072
difficulties 19-009 – 19-012
essential character 19-040
fully pleaded 19-060
meaning 19-006 , 19-007
particularisation 19-043 – 19-059
problem with 19-001
record keeping, and 13-005 – 13-007
total time or loss claim distinguished 19-004 – 19-008
Goods and materials
damages, and 21-074 – 21-078
Page 1145
Government acts 4-181 , 4-182
Graphs 14-216 – 14-222
Greenfield sites
biddability risk, and 2-116
Groundworks
construction risk, and 2-128 – 2-135
Guaranteed maximum price 3-056 – 3-059
Head office costs
damages, and 21-111 – 21-116
Health and safety 4-254
Hierarchy of documents 4-081 – 4-084
High-rise building projects
risk 2-005
Histograms 14-216 – 14-222
Holyrood 2-009
Hong Kong forms
project planning and programming 2-053
Hudson formula 21-188
Human rights
adjudication in UK, and 23-003 , 23-007 – 23-022
Identifying cost of project controls 10-090
Implied instruction for change 12-003
Implied terms 2-078 – 2-085
business efficacy 2-078 , 2-083
commercial necessity 2-084
commercial risk allocation, and 2-081
criteria 2-079
established trade usage 2-083
inherent in legal relationship 2-083
principles 2-080
sole supplier 2-085
Inclement weather 4-124 – 4-126
Inconsistencies in contract documents 4-081 – 4-102
Independent float 16-018 , 16-019
Independent information management 13-120 – 13-134
Inference of causation 14-191 – 14-252
cause and effect matrix 14-199 – 14-207
graphs 14-216 – 14-222
histograms 14-216 – 14-222
Scott schedules 14-208 – 14-215
Inflation 2-147
Ingress 4-164 – 4-170
In-house departments 22-024 – 22-026
Injury or damage to property 2-157 – 2-162
Inspection 13-236 – 13-275
Instructed variation
causation, and 14-082 – 14-087
Instructed variations and changes 4-103 – 4-120
change, definition 4-115 , 4-116
changes within scope of contract 4-106
expenditure of provision sums 4-119
expressly excusable 4-114
Insurable risk 2-150 – 2-162
damage caused by carrying out works, and 4-255 – 4-259
damage to structures owned by third party 2-154
damages, and 21-117 , 21-118
excepted risks 2-152 – 2-162
fire 2-155 , 2-156
from whatever cause 2-161
injury or damage to property 2-157 – 2-162
specified perils 2-150 , 2-151
transfer of 2-153
Interfering float 16-020 , 16-021
Internet
weather information via 4-131
Interpretation of contracts
principles 2-072 , 2-073
Itemised bills of quantities
biddability risk, and 2-122
Investment decision 2-142
Jagged line monitoring 9-136 – 9-143
JCT forms
risk 2-019 , 2-020
JCT Major Projects Contract
costs and time management 4-325 – 4-366
risk management 4-357 – 4-364
Key dates 7-098 – 7-109
Latent conditions 4-154
Learning curve
lost productivity, and 17-078 – 17-080
Legal risk 2-064 – 2-085
court interpretations 2-066
editing standard forms 2-074 – 2-077
implied terms 2-078 – 2-085
see also Implied terms
intentions of parties 2-070 , 2-071
interpretation of commercial contracts 2-072 , 2-073
interpretation of standard forms, effect 2-069
issues 2-064
ways in which arising 2-065
where falling 2-067 , 2-068
Line-of-balance chart 8-020 – 8-026
Liquidated damages 21-224 – 21-246
construction management contracts 3-039
exclusive remedy 21-228 – 21-231
failure to quantify 21-242 – 21-246
mandatory laws 25-013 – 25-016
penalties 21-232 – 21-241
standard form provisions 21-225 – 21-227
Litigation 22-119 – 22-122
Local authorities
negligence 2-172 – 2-179
Logical relationships 7-116 – 7-125
Page 1146
Logistics
lost productivity, and 17-081 , 17-082
Loss of future profits
damages, and 21-140 – 21-145
Loss of morale
lost productivity, and 17-065
Loss of productivity
damages, and 21-089 – 21-097
loss of future profits, and 17-065
Loss or expense, recovery of 4-267 – 4-366
CIOB Complex Projects Contract 4-325 – 4-366
claims procedure 4-300 – 4-321
compensable events 4-280 – 4-299
compensable risks 4-295 , 4-296
compensation for disruption to progress 4-322 – 4-324
conditions contrary to public interest 4-299
developer’s cost risk events 4-282 – 4-293
direct loss and/or expense 4-267
JCT Major Projects Contract 4-325 – 4-366
priced activity schedule 4-279
standard forms provisions 4-268 – 4-276
valuation 4-274 – 4-278
variations 4-294
Lost productivity
acceleration 17-046 – 17-052
accounting for effects of separate events 17-137 – 17-147
adverse weather 17-059 – 17-064
analysis 17-088 – 17-162
actual impacted versus actual unimpacted 17-124 – 17-147
benchmark data versus actual 17-122 – 17-123
historic versus actual 17-118 –17.121
planned versus actual 17-102 – 17-107
burden of proof 17-005 , 17-006
causation 17-007
conditions causing 17-031 – 17-034
difficulty of measurement 17-018
dilution of supervision 17-075 – 17-077
errors 17-053 – 17-055
expert opinion 17-160 – 17-162
extended working hours 17-066 – 17-069
inducing productivity norms versus actual 17-108 – 17-117
learning curve 17-078 – 17-080
logistics 17-081 , 17-082
loss and expense suffered 17-004 – 17-008
loss of morale 17-065
matters to be proved 17-004
measured mile 17-124 – 17-159
omissions 17-053 – 17-055
partial possession 17-056 – 17-058
reassignment of manpower 17-070 – 17-074
records, and 17-025 – 17-030
recovery 17-046 – 17-052
ripple 17-083 – 17-085
resource-based planning 17-019 – 17-024
site restrictions 17-081 , 17-082
staffing 17-035 – 17-037
trade stacking 17-086 , 17-087
variations 17-038 – 17-045
M & t engineering consultants
design risks, and 2-103
Management contracting
risk, and 2-037
Management contracting contracts 3-047 – 3-055
advantages 3-052
default by subcontractors 3-048
failures 3-054
influences on site times 3-055
obligations of management contractor 3-051
relationship between risk and tender premium 3-049
works contractors 3-053
Management costs
damages, and 21-08 – 21-073
Managing effect of change 10-071 – 10-088
see also Change Management
disruption 10-074
first step-programme update 10-080
frozen design 10-076
negotiation of variations 10-077
potential fifth step-acceleration 10-085 – 10-088
potential fourth step-event impacting 10-084
second step-programme review for better information 10-081
significance 10-073
third step-recovery 10-082 , 10-083
variation 10-072
Mandatory laws in international construction contracts 25-001 – 25-026
decennial liability 25-023 – 25-026
definitions 25-002
liquidated damages 25-013 – 25-016
practical completion 25-017 – 25-022
priority 25-003
private international law 25-006 – 25-009
taking-over 25-017 – 25-022
time-bar clauses 25-010 – 25-012
Manifest error
biddability risk, and 2-121
Master programme 7-028 – 7-037
Measured mile 17-124 – 17-159
Mediation 22-091 – 22-095
see also Dispute Resolution, Conciliation
advisory bodies 22-092
forums 22-092
mediation clauses, 22-095
mediators 22-091
permission 22-093
procedure 22-094
Page 1147
Milestone monitoring 9-119 – 9-122
Milestone programme 8-029 – 8-032
Milestones 7-098 – 7-109
Mismanagement of time
consequences 1-003
standard forms, and 1-007
Misrepresentation 22-075 – 22-084
Mitigation 11-001 – 11-020
meaning 11-001
principles 11-002
question of fact 11-004
standard form provisions 11-021 – 11-092
Modelling 9-008
Monitoring
standard form provisions 9-033 – 9-060
Natural justice
dispute risks, and 2-094
Negative float 16-043
Negligence
local authorities 2-172 – 2-179
Network diagrams 8-033 – 8-035
Nominated subcontractors and suppliers 4-189 – 4-203
delay 4-197
effect of nomination 4-195
failure to complete on time 4-190
three-sided arrangement 4-194
Non-productive overtime
damages, and 21-053 – 21-057
Notice as condition precedent 5-110 – 5-165
barring clause 5-116
compensation conditional upon notice 5-151 – 5-165
consequences of non-compliance 5-133
contra proferentem rule 5-130
express provision 5-115
extension of time conditional upon notice 5-110 – 5-150
“on receiving a notice” 5-112
prevention principle 5-134 – 5-150
Notices 5-008 – 5-109
advice as to cause of delay 5-039
condition precedent, as 5-110 – 5-165
constructive 5-030 – 5-032
contents 5-033 – 5-054
form of 5-024 – 5-029
nature of 5-012 – 5-023
period of 5-055 – 5-080
second 5-081 – 5-089
service of 5-097 – 5-109
waiver of 5-090 – 5-096
written 5-024 – 5-029
Occupational programme 7-055 – 7-057
Omissions 12-136 – 12-153
lost productivity, and 17-053 – 17-055
Oral evidence 13-161 – 13-167
Outline plan 7-022
Pacing 18-122 – 18-140
concurrency, and 18-122 – 18-140
Partial possession
lost productivity, and 17-056 – 17-058
Partnering 3-060 – 3-063
Penalties 21-232 – 21-241 , – 21-260
PIX Protocol 13-061 – 13-066
Planning
anticipation, and 7-016
decisions involved 7-015
detailed plan 7-024
effective strategy 7-019
familiarisation 7-021
nature of 7-001
outline plan 7-022
personal 7-017
sequential process 7-003
statistics 7-018
strategic plan 7-023
Plant and equipment
damages, and 21-079 – 21-088
Political risk 2-148 , 2-149
Poor project programming 1-009
Poor record keeping 1-009
Postponement 4-171 , 4-172
Precedence diagram 8-043 – 8-047
Preliminaries
damages, and 21-100 – 21-110
Presentation of programmes 8-001 – 8-091
compliance with scheduling specifications 8-006
financial attractiveness 8-005
methods 8-002
standard form provisions 8-050 – 8-091
acceptance 8-054 – 8-091
approval 8-054 – 8-091
initial programme 8-050 – 8-053
rejection 8-054 – 8-091
Prevention principle
generally 6-114 – 6-129
notice as condition precedent, and 5-134 – 5-150
Private finance initiative 3-064 – 3-072
Private international law 25-006 – 25-009
Private nuisance 2-183 , 2-184
Privileged communications
disclosure 13-266 – 13-275
risk, and 2-059 , 2-060
Probability estimates
risk, and 2-059 , 2-060
Procurement arrangements 3-056 – 3-072
Productivity see also Lost productivity
indices 17-011
meaning 17-010
VATFP 17-012 , 17-013
Profit on costs
damages, and 21-138 , 21-139
Programme 1-025
activity coding 7-232
Page 1148
approval 8-001 – 8-091
contract document, as 7-222 – 7-228
core principles 7-234
method of compilation 7-229
presentation 8-001 – 8-091
pricing requirements 7-243 – 7-247
specifying requirements 7-229 – 7-242
standard form requirements 7-179 – 7-247
see also Standard form requirements for programmes
subject-matter 7-241
varieties 7-026 – 7-065
Programme preparation 7-068 – 7-163
activity durations 7-126 – 7-142
calculating durations 7-143 – 7-163
contract period 7-085 – 7-090
early completion 7-091 – 7-097
key dates 7-098 – 7-109
logical relationships 7-116 – 7-125
milestones 7-098 – 7-109
sectional completion 7-098 – 7-109
work content 7-110 – 7-115
Programme revision 9-061 – 9-068
Programme updating 9-069 – 9-088
Programming
development process 7-025
nature of 7-001
Progress monitoring 9-089 – 9-149
meaning 9-004
methods 9-090
purpose 9-089
Progress records 13-015 – 13-025
CIOB Guide
13-021 – 13-025
failure to keep 13-018
holistic approach 13-016
Progress reporting 9-150 – 9-175
Project control 10-001 – 10-094
benefits 10-004
choices 10-003
cost, and 10-032 – 10-034
identifying cost 10-090
redress for failure to comply 10-091 – 10-094
SCL Protocol
10-014 – 10-044
see also SCL Protocol
scope 10-001
time and damage 10-002
Project planning and programming
contingency 2-057 , 2-058
decisions 2-051
effective monitoring of the works 2-055
importance 2-052
Hong Kong forms 2-053
risk, and 2-051 – 2-062
Project planning model statements 7-164 – 7-178
activities 7-172
communication 7-174
consultation 7-174
density of schedule, and 7-176
high density 7-178
medium density 7-177
purpose 7-168
requirements 7-171
time management strategy 7-174
Project procurement 3-001 – 3-072
CIOB Guide
3-003 , 3-004
types of contract 3-016 – 3-055
Project time manager 3-011
Projects
meaning 3-004
Prolongation 18-103 – 18-121
concurrency, and 18-103 – 18-121
concurrent causes 18-103 – 18-112
parallel cause 18-116 – 18-121
sequential causes 18-113 – 18-115
Proportionality
causation, and 14-173 – 14-190
PSSC 3-014
Public private partnership 3-064 – 3-072
Quality control 4-232 – 4-240
Quantifying predictive loss 21-247 – 21-291
likely outgoings 21-262
Quantum meruit
21-192 – 21-223
anticipation of contract 21-198
application of doctrine 21-193
contract price, and 21-203
developer’s damages 21-211 – 21-223
frustration, and 21-207
letter of intent, and 21-208 – 21-210
variations, and 21-204
Rate of progress
meaning 11-080
Reasonable skill and care
risk, and 2-049
Reassignment of manpower
lost productivity, and 17-070 – 17-074
Record keeping 13-003 – 13-014
chain of causation, and 13-036 – 13-037
change control, and 13-026 – 13-041
changed circumstances 13-040 , 13-041
facts of delay 13-193 – 13-235
global claim, and 13-005 – 13-007
points to be addressed 13-038
standard form provisions 13-135 – 13-159
statistics 13-034 , 13-035
Record retrieval 13-042 – 13-050
computerised database 13-045 , 13-046
Records
lost productivity, and 17-025 – 17-030
Recovery
effect 11-014
failure 11-189 – 11-213
lost productivity, and 17-046 – 17-052
meaning 11-008
Page 1149
methods 11-137 – 11-188
changing sequence of activities 11-151 – 11-157
increasing motivation 11-166
increasing resources 11-167 – 11-169
increasing working time 11-170 – 11-188
logic changes 11-158 – 11-163
omissions 11-146 – 11-150
using different method of working 11-164 , 11-165
standard form provisions 11-021 – 11-092
Regularly
meaning 11-011 – 11-013
Re-measurement
build-only contract 3-028
Re-measurement contracts
risk 2-036
Reporting
meaning 9-005
standard form provisions 9-033 – 9-060
Request for further information 22-151 – 22-154
Retrospective delay analysis 7-077
Residential occupiers
adjudication in UK 23-0455– 23-047
Resource-based planning
lost productivity, and 17-019 – 17-024
Resource monitoring 9-097 – 9-104
Revision
meaning 9-002
standard form provisions 9-033 – 9-060
RIBA Plan of Work 2013 3-015
Ripple
lost productivity, and 17-083 – 17-085
Risk 2-001 – 2-193
acts of prevention 2-046
advice on 2-014
allocation 2-103 – 2-015 , 2-038 – 2-164
bespoke form, and 2-044
biddability see Biddability risk
buildablity see Buildability risk
categorisation 2-017
commercial negotiation 2-041
complex projects 2-004
computerised simulation 2-061 – 2-063
conflicting interests of parties 2-040
construction see Construction risk
design see Design risk
design and build contracts 3-034 , 3-035
dispute see Dispute risk
distribution 2-042
financial see Financial risk
fitness for purpose, and 2-049 , 2-050
high-rise building projects 2-005
identifying 2-016
ill-considered transference 2-025
influence of variables 2-012 , 2-013
insurable 2-150 – 2-162
JCT forms 2-019 , 2-020
judicial interpretations of common law and statute 2-047
legal see Legal risk
management 2-015 , 2-016
management contracting 2-037
managing risk of change 2-031
obligations of professional and tradesman 2-048
political see Political risk
probability estimates 2-059 , 2-060
project planning and programming 2-051 – 2-062
reasonable skill and care 2-049
registers 2-033
re-measurement contracts 2-036
responsibilities of parties 2-038
sources 2-010 , 2-011
standard form provisions 2-018 – 2-037
clarity, need for 2-026
delay, meaning 2-027
first reference 2-023
inconsistency 2-035 , 2-036
interpretational problems 2-027 – 2-029
placing risks on developer 2-032
statistics 2-001 – 2-003
theories of apportionment 2-043
Risk allocation
tort, and 2-169
Schedule 1-025
Schedule logic 7-078
Scheduling
see also “Critical path method”
approval and presentation
activity-based CPM schedule 8-002 , 8-034
complex projects 8-002
computer programmes 8-001
contract requirements 8-005
contract specification 8-003 , 8-004
CPM-based algorithms 8-002
electronic information 8-004
engineering contracts 8-004
generally, 8-001
line of balance charts 8-020
management information 8-004
methods, 8-002
milestone charts 8-029 – 8-032
network diagrams, 8-033 , 8-034
network planning techniques 8-035
precedence diagrams 8-043
resource loading 8-002
software 8-002
specifications 8-006
standard form contracts 8-004
time change diagrams 8-027 , 8-028
Page 1150
contract administrators 7-010
delay analysis 7-002
development process 7-025
excusable delay 7-008
late 8-005
planning
detailed 7-024
execution, of 7-019
extent 7-016
familiarisation 7-021
ineffective 7-018
outline plan 7-022
personal 7-017
process 7-015
strategic plan 7-023
programming 7-025
progress monitoring 9-004 , 9-086
accepted methods 9-090
comparison 9-094
CTS
purpose 9-089
target CPM 9-096
reporting 9-005
updating 9-069
SCL Protocol
1-004 , 1-005 , 10-014 – 10-044
calculating entitlement to extension of time 10-036
complex scheduling and record-keeping equipment 10-042
concurrent causes of delay 10-040
contemporaneous project control 10-019
critical path network 10-023
float 10-037
identification of activities 10-024
information 10-025
managing effects of delay 10-016
measurement of interim extensions of time 10-018
nature of 10-015
objection to electronic access to schedule 10-031
public health guide, as 10-043
record-keeping 10-026 , 10-027
retrospective analysis 10-017
schedule and records 10-020
update of contractor’s schedule 10-028 – 10-030
Scott schedules 14-208 – 14-215
Second notice 5-081 – 5-089
Sectional completion 7-098 – 7-109
Sequencing problems 2-111
Service of notice 5-097 – 5-109
business day 5-105 , 5-106
company names, and 5-098
copy to third party 5-099 – 5-101
deemed 5-106 – 5-108
fax 5-103
named person 5-102
personal 5-104
Settlement 22-057 – 22-064
ad hoc negotiations 22-057
duress, and see Duress
enforceability 22-064
failure of negotiations 22-059 , 22-060
strategies 22-058
without prejudice communications 22-061
Simple projects
characteristics 3-004
Site restrictions
lost productivity, and 17-081 , 17-082
Smoke and mirrors 14-253 – 14-264
Soft-spots 4-145
Special circumstances 4-052
Specified perils 2-150 , 2-151
Staff costs
damages, and 21-058 – 21-067
Staffing
lost productivity, and 17-035 – 17-037
Standard clauses of delay 4-028 – 4-266
Standard form provisions
change 12-030 – 12-157
float 16-058 – 16-072
liquidated damages 21-225 – 21-227
mitigation 11-021 – 11-092
monitoring 9-033 – 9-060
programming 8-050 – 8-091
record-keeping 13-135 – 13-159
recovery 11-021 – 11-092
reporting 9-033 – 9-060
revision 9-033 – 9-060
risk 2-018 – 2-037
Standard form provisions for time and cost 4-001 – 4-366
extensions of time 4-005 – 4-008
variation 4-004
Standard form requirements for programmes 7-179 – 7-247
defined provisional sums 7-193
desirable standards 7-208
inadequacy of 7-179 , 7-180
interfacing, reality of 7-219
monitoring 7-209 , 7-210
scheduling 7-182 – 7-204
Standard forms
editing 2-074 – 2-077
mismanagement of time, and 1-007
Statements of case 22-123 – 22-129
amendment 22-147 – 22-150
striking out 22-155 – 22-159
Statement of claim 22-001 – 22-008 , 22-130 – 22-136
Statutory compensation schemes 2-181 , 2-182
Statutory duties 2-165 – 2-193
Statutory undertaker 4-174
tort, and 2-185 – 2-188
Strategic plan 7-023
Strikes 4-241 –40253
Page 1151
Structured reading
meaning 13-228
Subcontractors
construction risk, and 2-136 – 2-138
Subcontractor’s programmes 7-059 – 7-067
Suspension of works
causation, and 14-088 – 14-098
Target costs 3-056 – 3-059
Target CPM programme monitoring 9-091 – 9-096
Target programme 7-028 – 7-037
Temporary works
damages, and 21-098 , 21-099
Tender programme 7-028 – 7-037 , 7-043 – 7-046
Terminology 1-019 – 1-034
Terms of contract
causation, and 14-134 – 14-159
Terrorism 4-248 , 4-251
The contractor 1-021
The developer 1-022
The works 1-024
Time and cost
standard form provisions 4-001 – 4-366
Time at large 6-106 – 6-129
completion prevented, when 6-114 – 6-129
no contract completion date under contract 6-112 , 6-113
no contract, where 6-108 – 6-111
Time-bar clauses
mandatory laws, and 25-010 – 25-012
Time chainage diagram 8-027 , 8-028
Time contingencies 16-044 – 16-057
Time impact analysis 15-149 – 15-163
Time management
guide to good practice 7-006
level of advance 2-006
standard of education and training 7-005
standards 2-008
Tort 2-165 – 2-193
basic concept 2-165
developer and third parties 2-168
economic loss 2-106 , 2-170
essential elements 2-165
negligence by third-party local authorities 2-172 – 2-179
remoteness of damage 2-167
risk allocation, and 2-169
special relationship 2-106
statutory undertaker 2-185 – 2-188
utilities 2-185 – 2-188
Total float 16-022 – 16-042
ad hoc creation 16-088 – 16-096
belongs to contractor 16-123 – 16-133
belongs to developer 16-120 – 16-122
belongs to first to get to it 16-134 – 16-150
contingency, interpretation as 16-097 – 16-119
absence of completion constraint on planned work 16-100 – 16-106
applied completion constraint upon placed work 16-103 – 16-106
applied fixed lag between unconstrained milestones 16-110 – 16-112
contract duration bar 16-115 – 16-119
non-driving link between applied constraints 16-107 – 16-109
time contingency activity 16-113 , 16-114
Total loss claim 19-001 – 19-072
defence to 19-030 – 19-039
difficulties 19-009 – 19-012
permissible, when 19-022
Total time claim 19-001 – 19-072
defence to 19-017 – 19-020
difficulties 19-009 – 19-012
meaning 19-013
Trade stacking
lost productivity, and 17-086 , 17-087
Trade usage
implied terms, and 2-083
Unabsorbed overheads
damages, and 21-146 – 21-158
Undefined provisional sums 12-101
Unforeseeable physical conditions 4-144 – 4-163
adverse ground conditions or artificial obstructions 4-152
artificial obstructions 4-157
latent conditions 4-154
objective approach 4-150
soft-spots 4-145
subjective approach 4-149
Unjust enrichment 21-194
Updating
meaning 9-003
standard form provisions 9-033 – 9-060
US government procurement contracts 1-015
Utilities
tort, and 2-185 – 2-188
Value engineering 12-154 – 12-157
Variation 12-001 – 12-197
see also Change
ambiguities 12-110 – 12-135
definition 12-032 – 12-036 , 12-038 , 12-043 , 12-048 , 12-049 , 12-056 , 12-059
discrepancies 12-110 – 12-135
divergences 12-110 – 12-135
drawings 12-019
extra work 12-026 , 12-027
instruction, definition 12-055
legitimate power to instruct 12-015
lost productivity, and 17-028 – 17-045
necessary work 12-023 , 12-024
omissions 12-136 – 12-153
post-contract design 12-021
price 12-017
Page 1152
right of reasonable objection 12-050
standard form provisions 12-030 – 12-157
VATFP 17-012 , 17-013
Visual aids 9-161 – 9-175
activity lists 9-167
assessment tables 9-168
bar charts 9-169 – 9-171
cascade diagrams 9-167
computer printouts 9-167
computer-generated visualisations 13-249
descriptive visualisations 9-162 , 13-188 , 14-250
electronic spreadsheets, 9-175
evidential visualisations 9-165 , 13-191
graphs 9-172 – 9-174
histograms 9-169
illustrative visualisations 9-164 , 13-190 , 14-252
introductory visualisations 9-163 , 13-189 , 14-251
probative value 9-161
progress reports 9-150 – 9-160
Visualisations
computer-generated 13-249
descriptive 9-162 , 13-188 , 14-250
evidential 9-165 , 13-191
illustrative 9-164 , 13-190 , 14-252
introductory 9-163 , 13-189 , 14-251
Voluntary change 12-002
War 4-249 – 4-252
Watersheds
analytical method 15-164 – 15-175
Weather 4-121 – 4-143
actual effect of conditions 4-139
average 4-132 – 4-135
causation 4-133
construction risk, and 2-140 , 2-141
exceptionally inclement 4-123 , 4-127 – 4-129
force majeure, and 4-142
inclement 4-124 – 4-126
information via internet 4-131
measurement 4-136 , 4-137
the force of nature, and 4-141
variable conditions 4-121
Windows
analytical method 15-164 – 15-175
Work content 7-110 – 7-115
Work content monitoring 9-144 – 9-149
Working programme 7-047 – 7-054
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