Lloyd's Shipping & Trade Law

The UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records (MLETR) uses the language of "control" of electronic bills of lading (eBLs), considering that in different jurisdictions, "possession" may have diverging definitions, whereas the UK's Electronic Trade Documents Act 2023 (ETDA 2023) adheres to "possession" as the defining concept. This article examines whether there is a need to introduce "control" of an eBL, and the legal framework surrounding this issue.

Covid-19, off-hire and the meaning of "Affected Area"

The limits of limitation of liability