A Introduction

8.1 There are no standard form FPSO contracts or indemnity clauses. Further, there are no universally adopted indemnity clauses used in the oil and gas industry. However, the LOGIC (Leading Oil & Gas Industry Competitiveness, set up in 1999 by the UK Oil and Gas Industry Task Force, previously known as CRINE) contracts were initially developed in 1997 in order to provide standard wordings for use (often on construction projects) in the North Sea. These were developed and supported by major operators such as Shell, BP and Total and leading contractors such as Technip, AMEC and Wood Group. To some extent they continue to be used and, even where not used as a basis for the contract, they continue to provide a useful reference point for offshore projects worldwide. The LOGIC contracts therefore provide a useful reference point for considering the indemnity and limitation of liability clauses that one finds in FPSO contracts.